Optimal. Leaf size=297 \[ \frac {d^4 \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{2 b^2 f}+\frac {d^2 \left (6 b^2 c^2-8 a b c d+3 a^2 d^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{b^4 f}+\frac {2 (b c-a d)^4 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a (a-b)^{3/2} b^2 (a+b)^{3/2} f}+\frac {2 (b c-a d)^3 (b c+3 a d) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a \sqrt {a-b} b^4 \sqrt {a+b} f}-\frac {(b c-a d)^4 \sin (e+f x)}{b^3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) f (b+a \cos (e+f x))}+\frac {2 d^3 (2 b c-a d) \tan (e+f x)}{b^3 f}+\frac {d^4 \sec (e+f x) \tan (e+f x)}{2 b^2 f} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.38, antiderivative size = 297, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 14, number of rules used = 10, integrand size = 31, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.323, Rules used = {4073, 3031,
2743, 12, 2738, 214, 3855, 3852, 8, 3853} \begin {gather*} \frac {d^2 \left (3 a^2 d^2-8 a b c d+6 b^2 c^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{b^4 f}-\frac {(b c-a d)^4 \sin (e+f x)}{b^3 f \left (a^2-b^2\right ) (a \cos (e+f x)+b)}+\frac {2 (b c-a d)^3 (3 a d+b c) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a b^4 f \sqrt {a-b} \sqrt {a+b}}+\frac {2 d^3 (2 b c-a d) \tan (e+f x)}{b^3 f}+\frac {2 (b c-a d)^4 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a b^2 f (a-b)^{3/2} (a+b)^{3/2}}+\frac {d^4 \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{2 b^2 f}+\frac {d^4 \tan (e+f x) \sec (e+f x)}{2 b^2 f} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 8
Rule 12
Rule 214
Rule 2738
Rule 2743
Rule 3031
Rule 3852
Rule 3853
Rule 3855
Rule 4073
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {\sec (e+f x) (c+d \sec (e+f x))^4}{(a+b \sec (e+f x))^2} \, dx &=\int \frac {(d+c \cos (e+f x))^4 \sec ^3(e+f x)}{(b+a \cos (e+f x))^2} \, dx\\ &=\int \left (-\frac {(-b c+a d)^4}{a b^3 (b+a \cos (e+f x))^2}-\frac {(-b c+a d)^3 (b c+3 a d)}{a b^4 (b+a \cos (e+f x))}+\frac {d^2 \left (6 b^2 c^2-8 a b c d+3 a^2 d^2\right ) \sec (e+f x)}{b^4}+\frac {2 d^3 (2 b c-a d) \sec ^2(e+f x)}{b^3}+\frac {d^4 \sec ^3(e+f x)}{b^2}\right ) \, dx\\ &=\frac {d^4 \int \sec ^3(e+f x) \, dx}{b^2}-\frac {(b c-a d)^4 \int \frac {1}{(b+a \cos (e+f x))^2} \, dx}{a b^3}+\frac {\left (2 d^3 (2 b c-a d)\right ) \int \sec ^2(e+f x) \, dx}{b^3}+\frac {\left ((b c-a d)^3 (b c+3 a d)\right ) \int \frac {1}{b+a \cos (e+f x)} \, dx}{a b^4}+\frac {\left (d^2 \left (6 b^2 c^2-8 a b c d+3 a^2 d^2\right )\right ) \int \sec (e+f x) \, dx}{b^4}\\ &=\frac {d^2 \left (6 b^2 c^2-8 a b c d+3 a^2 d^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{b^4 f}-\frac {(b c-a d)^4 \sin (e+f x)}{b^3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) f (b+a \cos (e+f x))}+\frac {d^4 \sec (e+f x) \tan (e+f x)}{2 b^2 f}+\frac {d^4 \int \sec (e+f x) \, dx}{2 b^2}+\frac {(b c-a d)^4 \int \frac {b}{b+a \cos (e+f x)} \, dx}{a b^3 \left (a^2-b^2\right )}-\frac {\left (2 d^3 (2 b c-a d)\right ) \text {Subst}(\int 1 \, dx,x,-\tan (e+f x))}{b^3 f}+\frac {\left (2 (b c-a d)^3 (b c+3 a d)\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{a+b+(-a+b) x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )}{a b^4 f}\\ &=\frac {d^4 \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{2 b^2 f}+\frac {d^2 \left (6 b^2 c^2-8 a b c d+3 a^2 d^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{b^4 f}+\frac {2 (b c-a d)^3 (b c+3 a d) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a \sqrt {a-b} b^4 \sqrt {a+b} f}-\frac {(b c-a d)^4 \sin (e+f x)}{b^3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) f (b+a \cos (e+f x))}+\frac {2 d^3 (2 b c-a d) \tan (e+f x)}{b^3 f}+\frac {d^4 \sec (e+f x) \tan (e+f x)}{2 b^2 f}+\frac {(b c-a d)^4 \int \frac {1}{b+a \cos (e+f x)} \, dx}{a b^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right )}\\ &=\frac {d^4 \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{2 b^2 f}+\frac {d^2 \left (6 b^2 c^2-8 a b c d+3 a^2 d^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{b^4 f}+\frac {2 (b c-a d)^3 (b c+3 a d) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a \sqrt {a-b} b^4 \sqrt {a+b} f}-\frac {(b c-a d)^4 \sin (e+f x)}{b^3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) f (b+a \cos (e+f x))}+\frac {2 d^3 (2 b c-a d) \tan (e+f x)}{b^3 f}+\frac {d^4 \sec (e+f x) \tan (e+f x)}{2 b^2 f}+\frac {\left (2 (b c-a d)^4\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{a+b+(-a+b) x^2} \, dx,x,\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )}{a b^2 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) f}\\ &=\frac {d^4 \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{2 b^2 f}+\frac {d^2 \left (6 b^2 c^2-8 a b c d+3 a^2 d^2\right ) \tanh ^{-1}(\sin (e+f x))}{b^4 f}+\frac {2 (b c-a d)^4 \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a (a-b)^{3/2} b^2 (a+b)^{3/2} f}+\frac {2 (b c-a d)^3 (b c+3 a d) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {a-b} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {a+b}}\right )}{a \sqrt {a-b} b^4 \sqrt {a+b} f}-\frac {(b c-a d)^4 \sin (e+f x)}{b^3 \left (a^2-b^2\right ) f (b+a \cos (e+f x))}+\frac {2 d^3 (2 b c-a d) \tan (e+f x)}{b^3 f}+\frac {d^4 \sec (e+f x) \tan (e+f x)}{2 b^2 f}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 4.01, size = 511, normalized size = 1.72 \begin {gather*} \frac {\cos ^2(e+f x) (b+a \cos (e+f x)) (c+d \sec (e+f x))^4 \left (\frac {8 (-b c+a d)^3 \left (a b c+3 a^2 d-4 b^2 d\right ) \tanh ^{-1}\left (\frac {(-a+b) \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right ) (b+a \cos (e+f x))}{\left (a^2-b^2\right )^{3/2}}-2 d^2 \left (-16 a b c d+6 a^2 d^2+b^2 \left (12 c^2+d^2\right )\right ) (b+a \cos (e+f x)) \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )-\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )+2 d^2 \left (-16 a b c d+6 a^2 d^2+b^2 \left (12 c^2+d^2\right )\right ) (b+a \cos (e+f x)) \log \left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )+\frac {b^2 d^4 (b+a \cos (e+f x))}{\left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )-\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}+\frac {8 b d^3 (2 b c-a d) (b+a \cos (e+f x)) \sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )-\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}-\frac {b^2 d^4 (b+a \cos (e+f x))}{\left (\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )\right )^2}+\frac {8 b d^3 (2 b c-a d) (b+a \cos (e+f x)) \sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}{\cos \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )+\sin \left (\frac {1}{2} (e+f x)\right )}+\frac {4 b (b c-a d)^4 \sin (e+f x)}{(-a+b) (a+b)}\right )}{4 b^4 f (d+c \cos (e+f x))^4 (a+b \sec (e+f x))^2} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [A]
time = 1.09, size = 465, normalized size = 1.57
method | result | size |
derivativedivides | \(\frac {\frac {d^{4}}{2 b^{2} \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )-1\right )^{2}}-\frac {d^{2} \left (6 a^{2} d^{2}-16 a b d c +12 b^{2} c^{2}+b^{2} d^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )-1\right )}{2 b^{4}}+\frac {d^{3} \left (4 a d -8 b c +d b \right )}{2 b^{3} \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )-1\right )}-\frac {d^{4}}{2 b^{2} \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )+1\right )^{2}}+\frac {d^{2} \left (6 a^{2} d^{2}-16 a b d c +12 b^{2} c^{2}+b^{2} d^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )+1\right )}{2 b^{4}}+\frac {d^{3} \left (4 a d -8 b c +d b \right )}{2 b^{3} \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )+1\right )}+\frac {\frac {2 b \left (a^{4} d^{4}-4 a^{3} b c \,d^{3}+6 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} d^{2}-4 a \,b^{3} c^{3} d +b^{4} c^{4}\right ) \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{\left (a^{2}-b^{2}\right ) \left (a \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )-b \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )-a -b \right )}-\frac {2 \left (3 a^{5} d^{4}-8 a^{4} b c \,d^{3}+6 a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} d^{2}-4 a^{3} b^{2} d^{4}+12 a^{2} b^{3} c \,d^{3}-b^{4} c^{4} a -12 a \,b^{4} c^{2} d^{2}+4 c^{3} d \,b^{5}\right ) \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (a -b \right ) \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right )}}\right )}{\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right ) \sqrt {\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right )}}}{b^{4}}}{f}\) | \(465\) |
default | \(\frac {\frac {d^{4}}{2 b^{2} \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )-1\right )^{2}}-\frac {d^{2} \left (6 a^{2} d^{2}-16 a b d c +12 b^{2} c^{2}+b^{2} d^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )-1\right )}{2 b^{4}}+\frac {d^{3} \left (4 a d -8 b c +d b \right )}{2 b^{3} \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )-1\right )}-\frac {d^{4}}{2 b^{2} \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )+1\right )^{2}}+\frac {d^{2} \left (6 a^{2} d^{2}-16 a b d c +12 b^{2} c^{2}+b^{2} d^{2}\right ) \ln \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )+1\right )}{2 b^{4}}+\frac {d^{3} \left (4 a d -8 b c +d b \right )}{2 b^{3} \left (\tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )+1\right )}+\frac {\frac {2 b \left (a^{4} d^{4}-4 a^{3} b c \,d^{3}+6 a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} d^{2}-4 a \,b^{3} c^{3} d +b^{4} c^{4}\right ) \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{\left (a^{2}-b^{2}\right ) \left (a \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )-b \left (\tan ^{2}\left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )\right )-a -b \right )}-\frac {2 \left (3 a^{5} d^{4}-8 a^{4} b c \,d^{3}+6 a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} d^{2}-4 a^{3} b^{2} d^{4}+12 a^{2} b^{3} c \,d^{3}-b^{4} c^{4} a -12 a \,b^{4} c^{2} d^{2}+4 c^{3} d \,b^{5}\right ) \arctanh \left (\frac {\left (a -b \right ) \tan \left (\frac {f x}{2}+\frac {e}{2}\right )}{\sqrt {\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right )}}\right )}{\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right ) \sqrt {\left (a +b \right ) \left (a -b \right )}}}{b^{4}}}{f}\) | \(465\) |
risch | \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) | \(2483\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F(-2)]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Exception raised: ValueError} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [F(-1)] Timed out
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Timed out} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \int \frac {\left (c + d \sec {\left (e + f x \right )}\right )^{4} \sec {\left (e + f x \right )}}{\left (a + b \sec {\left (e + f x \right )}\right )^{2}}\, dx \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 551 vs.
\(2 (275) = 550\).
time = 0.55, size = 551, normalized size = 1.86 \begin {gather*} -\frac {\frac {4 \, {\left (a b^{4} c^{4} - 4 \, b^{5} c^{3} d - 6 \, a^{3} b^{2} c^{2} d^{2} + 12 \, a b^{4} c^{2} d^{2} + 8 \, a^{4} b c d^{3} - 12 \, a^{2} b^{3} c d^{3} - 3 \, a^{5} d^{4} + 4 \, a^{3} b^{2} d^{4}\right )} {\left (\pi \left \lfloor \frac {f x + e}{2 \, \pi } + \frac {1}{2} \right \rfloor \mathrm {sgn}\left (2 \, a - 2 \, b\right ) + \arctan \left (\frac {a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )}{\sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}}}\right )\right )}}{{\left (a^{2} b^{4} - b^{6}\right )} \sqrt {-a^{2} + b^{2}}} - \frac {4 \, {\left (b^{4} c^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - 4 \, a b^{3} c^{3} d \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) + 6 \, a^{2} b^{2} c^{2} d^{2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - 4 \, a^{3} b c d^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) + a^{4} d^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )\right )}}{{\left (a^{2} b^{3} - b^{5}\right )} {\left (a \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{2} - b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{2} - a - b\right )}} - \frac {{\left (12 \, b^{2} c^{2} d^{2} - 16 \, a b c d^{3} + 6 \, a^{2} d^{4} + b^{2} d^{4}\right )} \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) + 1 \right |}\right )}{b^{4}} + \frac {{\left (12 \, b^{2} c^{2} d^{2} - 16 \, a b c d^{3} + 6 \, a^{2} d^{4} + b^{2} d^{4}\right )} \log \left ({\left | \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - 1 \right |}\right )}{b^{4}} + \frac {2 \, {\left (8 \, b c d^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - 4 \, a d^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - b d^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{3} - 8 \, b c d^{3} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) + 4 \, a d^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right ) - b d^{4} \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )\right )}}{{\left (\tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \, f x + \frac {1}{2} \, e\right )^{2} - 1\right )}^{2} b^{3}}}{2 \, f} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [B]
time = 14.37, size = 2500, normalized size = 8.42 \begin {gather*} \text {Too large to display} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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